When we think of pollution, we usually picture traffic, smoke, and industrial waste. However, the air inside our homes can be just as harmful, sometimes even worse. In Indian cities, where high-rise living, limited ventilation, and cultural habits intersect, indoor air pollution is a growing and under-recognised concern. Many common items and practices release invisible toxins that can silently affect your lungs over time. From synthetic furnishings to incense sticks, these hidden threats are present in most households. This article uncovers five lesser-known causes of indoor air pollution and explains how they may be impacting your health without you realising it.
5 unseen indoor threats in homes that may be harming your lungs
Household cleaning products
Many commonly used floor cleaners, disinfectants, and air fresheners found in Indian homes release volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These compounds evaporate easily into the air and can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat. Prolonged exposure may also increase the risk of respiratory issues and even damage internal organs over time. The synthetic fragrances and preservatives added to make these products smell pleasant often worsen the pollution. While they create a sense of cleanliness, they actually leave behind a trail of chemical residues in the air you breathe.
Poor ventilation in high-rise apartments
Urban Indian homes, especially in metro cities, are increasingly located in high-rise buildings where windows remain shut to keep out dust, noise, and heat. However, this also prevents fresh air from circulating and traps indoor pollutants such as cooking fumes, cleaning chemicals, and carbon dioxide. Over time, the lack of airflow can lead to a build-up of toxins and stale air, contributing to allergies, fatigue, and breathing difficulties. Many residents don’t realise that the indoor environment, particularly in modern flats, can become more polluted than the streets outside.
Synthetic furniture and carpets
That new sofa or soft carpet may look attractive, but synthetic materials used in their manufacturing often release harmful chemicals into the air through a process called off-gassing. Materials like particleboard, foam, and adhesives emit formaldehyde and other VOCs that linger in the air for months or even years. These pollutants can cause eye and skin irritation, headaches, and long-term respiratory problems, especially in young children and the elderly. Since these items are placed in closed rooms, the lack of air circulation exacerbates the health risks.
Incense sticks and scented candles
Agarbattis, dhoop sticks, and scented candles are a staple in many Indian households for spiritual and aesthetic purposes. However, burning them generates pollutants such as carbon monoxide, benzene, and PM2.5, tiny particles that can penetrate deep into your lungs. Frequent exposure can aggravate asthma, allergies, and other respiratory conditions. Despite their calming aroma, these fragrant items are not always safe when used in enclosed or poorly ventilated spaces. The invisible smoke residue lingers in the air long after the stick has burned out.
Clutter and stored items
Excess household clutter, such as old newspapers, unused plastic containers, and stacked items, is not just an eyesore; it can also contribute to indoor pollution. These items collect dust easily and provide hiding spots for mould, dust mites, and pests, especially in humid climates. Some older plastic items or treated wood may also release harmful gases as they degrade. Storage spaces like lofts, cupboards, and under-bed areas often become hotspots for indoor pollutants if not cleaned regularly, making your indoor air quality worse over time.Indoor air pollution is often overlooked, yet it poses serious risks to lung health, especially in densely populated Indian cities. From scented products to poor ventilation and synthetic furnishings, many everyday household items quietly degrade air quality. Long-term exposure to these hidden pollutants can lead to respiratory issues, allergies, and chronic illness. By being aware of these lesser-known sources and taking simple steps such as improving airflow, reducing chemical use, and decluttering, you can create a cleaner, healthier indoor environment. Prioritising indoor air quality is not just about comfort; it’s an important investment in your and your family’s long-term well-being.Also Read: 5 common behaviour changes in kids caused by vitamin deficiencies every parent should know
